Bilingualism and Musicianship Enhance Cognitive Control
Identifieur interne : 000226 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000225; suivant : 000227Bilingualism and Musicianship Enhance Cognitive Control
Auteurs : Scott R. Schroeder [États-Unis] ; Viorica Marian [États-Unis] ; Anthony Shook [États-Unis] ; James Bartolotti [États-Unis]Source :
- Neural Plasticity [ 2090-5904 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Learning how to speak a second language (i.e., becoming a bilingual) and learning how to play a musical instrument (i.e., becoming a musician) are both thought to increase executive control through experience-dependent plasticity. However, evidence supporting this effect is mixed for bilingualism and limited for musicianship. In addition, the combined effects of bilingualism and musicianship on executive control are unknown. To determine whether bilingualism, musicianship, and combined bilingualism and musicianship improve executive control, we tested 219 young adults belonging to one of four groups (bilinguals, musicians, bilingual musicians, and controls) on a nonlinguistic, nonmusical, visual-spatial Simon task that measured the ability to ignore an irrelevant and misinformative cue. Results revealed that bilinguals, musicians, and bilingual musicians showed an enhanced ability to ignore a distracting cue relative to controls, with similar levels of superior performance among bilinguals, musicians, and bilingual musicians. These results indicate that bilingualism and musicianship improve executive control and have implications for educational and rehabilitation programs that use music and foreign language instruction to boost cognitive performance.
Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2016/4058620
PubMed: 26819764
PubMed Central: 4706931
Affiliations:
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Schroeder</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marian, Viorica" sort="Marian, Viorica" uniqKey="Marian V" first="Viorica" last="Marian">Viorica Marian</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shook, Anthony" sort="Shook, Anthony" uniqKey="Shook A" first="Anthony" last="Shook">Anthony Shook</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bartolotti, James" sort="Bartolotti, James" uniqKey="Bartolotti J" first="James" last="Bartolotti">James Bartolotti</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Illinois</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Neural Plasticity</title><idno type="ISSN">2090-5904</idno><idno type="e-ISSN">1687-5443</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Learning how to speak a second language (i.e., becoming a bilingual) and learning how to play a musical instrument (i.e., becoming a musician) are both thought to increase executive control through experience-dependent plasticity. However, evidence supporting this effect is mixed for bilingualism and limited for musicianship. In addition, the combined effects of bilingualism and musicianship on executive control are unknown. To determine whether bilingualism, musicianship, and combined bilingualism and musicianship improve executive control, we tested 219 young adults belonging to one of four groups (bilinguals, musicians, bilingual musicians, and controls) on a nonlinguistic, nonmusical, visual-spatial Simon task that measured the ability to ignore an irrelevant and misinformative cue. Results revealed that bilinguals, musicians, and bilingual musicians showed an enhanced ability to ignore a distracting cue relative to controls, with similar levels of superior performance among bilinguals, musicians, and bilingual musicians. 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Dilworth-Bart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mueller, U" uniqKey="Mueller U">U. Mueller</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Illinois</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Illinois"><name sortKey="Schroeder, Scott R" sort="Schroeder, Scott R" uniqKey="Schroeder S" first="Scott R." last="Schroeder">Scott R. Schroeder</name></region><name sortKey="Bartolotti, James" sort="Bartolotti, James" uniqKey="Bartolotti J" first="James" last="Bartolotti">James Bartolotti</name><name sortKey="Marian, Viorica" sort="Marian, Viorica" uniqKey="Marian V" first="Viorica" last="Marian">Viorica Marian</name><name sortKey="Shook, Anthony" sort="Shook, Anthony" uniqKey="Shook A" first="Anthony" last="Shook">Anthony Shook</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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